Citation+Guide

 At MICDS Libraries, we "heart" citations. Why do we love citing things so much? Because when we cite, we give credit to the creator of a source of information that we are using. Whose heart wouldn't be warmed by such a gesture?

 However, we know that citing sources can sometimes seem like a difficult and confusing process. This guide will hopefully give you the tools you need to feel confident citing any kind of source. Even podcasts and images!

 First, we need to get the vocabulary straight. A Works Cited page is a separate page attached at the end of your paper or assignment that lists all of the sources that you used to complete your research and cited in your paper. A reader of your paper should be able to go to the Works Cited page and find any source that you have listed using the information you include. A citation is one of the listings in your Works Cited page--it may be the information for a book, or a website, or an article, for example.

 There are many different ways to cite your sources, including APA, MLA, Chicago, and Turabian. Most teachers at MICDS will want you to use what is called the MLA style to cite your sources. There is an entire book devoted to the MLA style, appropriately called the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. We have many copies of this guide in the library if you need more information than we can provide in this introductory guide. Check [|808.02 GIB].  For more extensive explanations of MLA style, check out the following links: [|MLA Formatting and Style Guide: Purdue] [|The Hacker Guide]

==Many classes and teachers require you to use NoodleToolsfor projects and research papers. Please feel free to use NoodleToolsto create citations for all your assignments and research needs, whether or not it is required.==

Alphabetize entries; do not number them! Bibliography should be double-spaced. All hanging lines should be indented. Include website addresses if available. When in doubt, ask the librarians!

=PRINT SOURCES =

AN ENCYCLOPEDIA ENTRY
Fierman, William. "Uzbekistan." //The World Book Encyclopedia//. Vol. 20. Chicago: World Book, 2006. Print.

A BOOK WITH AN EDITOR
Mintz, Anne P., ed. //Web of Deceit: Misinformation and Manipulation in the Age of// //Social Media//. Medford: CyberAge, 2012. Print.

A BOOK WITH TWO EDITORS
Mintz, Anne P., and Craig Thompson, eds. //Web of Deceit: Misinformation and Manipulation in the Age of// //Social Media//. Medford: CyberAge, 2012. Print.

A BOOK WITH ONE AUTHOR
Winchester, Simon. //The Professor and the Madman//. New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1998. Print. 

A BOOK WITH TWO AUTHORS
Davidson, James West, and John E. Batchelor. //The American Nation//. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991. Print. 

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A BOOK WITH THREE AUTHORS
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Allen, Dinsmore, Clarence H. Cleminshaw and John G. Phillips. //Pictorial Astronomy//. 3rd revised edition. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> New York: Crowell, 1969. Print. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A BOOK WITH MORE THAN THREE AUTHORS
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Allee, W.C., et. al. //Principals of Animal Ecology//. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1949. Print. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A BOOK AUTHORED BY A BUSINESS / ORGANIZATION
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">American Cancer Society. //Facts on Hodkins Disease//. Baltimore: American Cancer Society, 1972. Print. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A BOOK WITH NO AUTHOR LISTED
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The World Almanac and Book of Facts. New York: Newspaper Enterprises Association, 1994. Print. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A BOOK (WHEN ONLY PART OF THE WORK IS USED, SUCH AS AN ESSAY, POEM, OR SHORT STORY)
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Garro, Elena. "A Poisoned Tale." //Short Stories by Latin American Women//. Ed. Celia Correas de Zapata. New York: Modern Library, 2002. 33-43. Print.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A TRANSLATION
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Homer. //The Odyssey//. Trans. Robert Fagles. New York: Viking, 1996. Print.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AN ARTICLE IN A MONTHLY MAGAZINE
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Allen, T.B. "Turkey Struggles for Balance." //National Geographic// May 1994: 34-35.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AN ARTICLE IN A WEEKLY MAGAZINE
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Allen, T.B. "Turkey Struggles for Balance." //National Geographic// 30 May 1994: 34-35. Print.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AN ARTICLE IN A NEWSPAPER
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Angier, Natalie. "Why Vegetables Are Good for You." //New York Times//. 13 April 1994: B7. Print.

=<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">ON-LINE SOURCES =

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A PAGE OR ARTICLE ON A WEBSITE
Eaves, Morris, Robert Essick, and Joseph Viscomi. //The William Blake Archive.// Lib. of Congress, 28 Sept 2007. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. <http://www.blakearchive.org/blake/>.
 * If there is an author or creator of the website you are citing, make sure to include it in your citation!**

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“National Book Festival.” //Library of Congress Online//. Lib. of Congress, 8 Sept. 2010. Web. 21 Sept. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> 2010. <[]>

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“St. Louis, Missouri.” Map. //Google Maps//. Google, 22 Sept. 2010. Web. 22 Sept. 2010. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <[]>

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AN ARTICLE, ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED IN PRINT, ON A WEBSITE
McDonald, Mark. "Delegates Arrive for North Korea Meeting." //New York Times// 20 Sept. 2010: n. pag. Web. 8 Dec. 2010. <http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/28/world /asia/28korea.html?_r=1&hp>.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A BLOG ENTRY
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lessig, Lawrence. "Speak Out on (Canadian) Copyright." Web log post. //Lessig Blog//. 20 Aug. 2009. Web. 24 Sept. 2010. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <http://lessig.org/blog/2009/08/speak_out_on_canadian_copyrigh.html>.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A PODCAST
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">"World's Most Precise Clocks Test Relativity." //Talk of the Nation//. National Public Radio. 24 Sept. 2010. //NPR.org//. Web. 27 Sept. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> 2010. <http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=130104039>.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AN IMAGE FROM A WEBSITE
Olibac. //School Flower//. 2007. //Flickr//. Yahoo!, 31 Oct. 2007. Web. 8 Dec. 2010. <http://www.flickr.com/photos/olibac/1837033181/>.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AN ARTICLE ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED IN A DATABASE
Smith, John. "Songhai Empire." //World History: The Modern Era//. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 18 Oct. 2010. <http://worldhistory.abc-clio.com/>

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AN ARTICLE, ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED IN A BOOK, FROM A DATABASE
"Industrial Agriculture Must Be Carefully Regulated in the Future." //Factory// //Farming//. Ed. Debra A. Miller. Detroit: Greenhaven, 2010. N. pag. Current Controversies. //Gale Opposing// //Viewpoints in Context//. Web. 8 Dec. 2010. <http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovi /ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?displayGoupName=Viewpoints&prodId=&action=e& windowstate=normalcatId=&documentId=GAE%7CEJ3010701225&mode=view&userGroupName=sain62671jsid=7293037945af8d349a8750e044be60d>.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AN ARTICLE, ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED IN A MAGAZINE, FROM A DATABASE
Maisano, Frank. "Resignation of UN's Climate Chief Confirms Futility of the World Body." //New Scientist// 15 Mar. 2010: 9. //Gale Opposing Viewpoints in// //Context//. Web. 8 Dec. 2010. <http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/MagazinesDetailsPage/ MagazinesDetailWindow?displayGroupName=Magazines&prodId=&action=e&windowstate=normalcatId=& documentId=GALE%7CA222399506&mode=view&userGroupName=sain62671jsid=8e082161dd948db2591a1950cb79a76d>.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AN ARTICLE, ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED IN A NEWSPAPER, FROM A DATABASE
Nagourney, Adam. "Showdown on Emissions Attracts Out-of-Staters." //New York Times// 17 Sept. 2010: A(16)L. //Gale Opposing Viewpoints in Context//. Web. 8 Dec. 2010. <http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/NewsDetailsPag/NewsDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=ews&prodId=&action=e&windowstate=normal&catId= documentId=GALE%7CA23726780&mode=view&userGroupName=sain62671&jsid=97df0ffd24662767dc40153d9ad34849>.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">AN IMAGE FROM A DATABASE
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">"Climate Security Act News Conference in Washington, D.C." //UPI Photo Collection//. United Press International, 2010. //Gale// <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">//Opposing Viewpoints In Context//. Web. 27 Sept. 2010. <http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/ImagesDetailsPage <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=3&query=SU%20%22Greenhouse%20gases%22&prodId=&windowstate=normal&mode=view& <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">limiter=&displayGroupName=Images&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&action=e&catId=&view=docDisplay&currentPage=3& <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">documentId=GALE%7CCT4099901806&userGroupName=sain62671&jsid=334d5f30fd1d528cdeb385239e762306>.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A VIDEO FROM A DATABASE
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Energy Needs for China's Economy at Odds with Attempts to Reduce Greenhouse Gases.” //AP Video Archive// 2010. //Gale// <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">//Opposing Viewpoints In Context//. Web. 27 Sept. 2010. <http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/VideosDetailsPag <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">/VideosDetailsWindow?total=21&query=SU%20%22Greenhouse%20gases%22&prodId=&windowstate=normal&mode=view& <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">limiter=&displayGroupName=Videos&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&action=e&catId=&view=docDisplay&currentPage=1 <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">documentId=GALE%7CCT3208580020&userGroupName=sain62671&jsid=17409e3e6572a856f6bbfe2dda72656c>.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A VIDEO FROM YOUTUBE
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Booba1234. //David After Dentist.// Youtube. //Youtube//, 30 Jan. 2009. Web. 15 Nov. 2010. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=txqiwrbYGrs>.

A PERSONAL INTERVIEW
Smith, John. Personal interview. 4 Apr. 2011.